Does the New Testament Quote the Old Testament out of context?

A few weeks ago, I mentioned an article I had been reading about how Jesus used scripture in the gospels and how sometimes it seems like he was taking verses entirely out of context. I ran across this idea again looking at the letters of Paul and the book of Hebrews. There are a lot of questions about the inconsistencies of scripture and the misuse of Old Testament scriptures in the New Testament to mean something they didn't originally mean. I found this article to be incredibly helpful:

Hints, Allegories, and Mysteries: The New Testament Quotes the Old

Key to understanding the use of scripture in the New Testament is this:

If one examines the Jewish roots of Christianity, one discovers that there is a long standing “rabbinical” hermeneutic that can explain the New Testament use of the Old Testament. Dr. David H. Stern, a Messianic Jew and translator of the Jewish New Testament, in his Jewish New Testament Commentary, describes four rabbinical modes of scriptural interpretation. 

The article itself deals with the 4 modes of interpretation with specific examples.